🔄 Python Type Casting – Convert Strings, Numbers, Booleans (2025 Guide)

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🔍 What is Type Casting in Python?

Type casting (or type conversion) in Python refers to the process of converting a value from one data type to another.

Python provides built-in functions to cast values between compatible types like strings, integers, floats, and more.

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✅ Why Use Type Casting?

• To convert user input (which is a string) into a number
• To ensure correct data types during operations
• To avoid type errors in expressions

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🛠️ Common Type Casting Functions

Function	Converts to	Example
int(x)	Integer	int("5") → 5
float(x)	Float	float("3.14") → 3.14
str(x)	String	str(100) → "100"
bool(x)	Boolean	bool(0) → False, bool("Hi") → True
list(x)	List	list("abc") → ['a','b','c']
tuple(x)	Tuple	tuple([1,2]) → (1,2)

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✍️ Examples

x = "10"
y = int(x)      # Convert string to integer
print(y + 5)    # Output: 15

z = float("5.6")  # Convert string to float
a = str(42)       # Convert number to string

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⚠️ Invalid Casting

Not all conversions are possible:

int("hello")   # ❌ ValueError: invalid literal

Always ensure the string or data can be safely converted.

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📌 Summary – Python Type Casting

From → To	Function	Example
String → Int	int("123")	123
String → Float	float("3.14")	3.14
Number → Str	str(50)	“50”
Any → Bool	bool(x)	False if x is 0, '', None

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❓ FAQs – Python Type Casting

❓ What is type casting in Python?

Type casting is the process of converting a value from one data type to another, like converting a string to an integer or a float to a string.

❓ What are the common type casting functions in Python?

• int() → converts to integer
• float() → converts to float
• str() → converts to string
• bool() → converts to boolean
• list() → converts to list
• tuple() → converts to tuple

❓ Can I convert a string to a number?

Yes, if the string is numeric:

int("123")     # 123
float("3.14")  # 3.14

❌ Non-numeric strings will raise a ValueError.

❓ What does bool() return for different values?

• bool(0), bool(""), bool(None) → False
• All other values → True

❓ What’s the difference between str(123) and "123"?

Both result in the same string, but:

• "123" is a hardcoded string
• str(123) is type casting from a number to a string dynamically

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