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🧠 C# Methods – Mastering the Basics of Reusable Code

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🧲 Introduction – Why Learn Methods in C#?

Methods are the building blocks of any C# application. They allow you to organize logic, reuse code, and maintain cleaner structure in programs. Whether you’re building a console app, a web API, or a Unity game, understanding how to define and call methods is essential.

🎯 In this guide, you’ll learn:

• What methods are and how they work
• How to declare and call a method
• Return types and void methods
• Scope and structure of methods
• Best practices with examples

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🔍 Core Concept – What is a Method in C#?

A method is a named block of code designed to perform a specific task. It can be invoked whenever needed and may return a value or perform an action.

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🔣 Method Syntax:

return_type MethodName(parameters)
{
    // Code block
    return value; // if not void
}

📘 Example – Method Without Return (void):

void SayHello()
{
    Console.WriteLine("Hello from method!");
}

📘 Example – Method With Return:

int Add(int a, int b)
{
    return a + b;
}

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💻 Code Example – Method Calling

void GreetUser(string name)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"Welcome, {name}!");
}

GreetUser("Alice");

📥 Output:

Welcome, Alice!

🧵 Explanation:

• GreetUser is defined with a parameter name.
• The method is called and passed "Alice" as an argument.

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🧠 Method with Return Value

double Square(double num)
{
    return num * num;
}

double result = Square(4.5);
Console.WriteLine($"Result: {result}");

📥 Output:

Result: 20.25

📘 Use Case: Encapsulate logic for reuse and testing.

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🔁 Methods with Multiple Parameters

void DisplayInfo(string name, int age)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"Name: {name}, Age: {age}");
}

DisplayInfo("Bob", 30);

📘 Use Case: Pass dynamic values into a method for processing.

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🔄 Void vs Non-Void Methods

Feature	void Method	Method with Return
Purpose	Performs an action	Calculates and returns a value
Return Keyword	Not required	Required (return value;)
Use Case	Printing, logging, UI updates	Math calculations, data processing

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💡 Best Practices & Tips

💡 Tip: Keep methods short and focused on a single task.

⚠️ Pitfall: Avoid duplicating logic; use methods to encapsulate repeatable code.

📘 Best Practice: Use meaningful method names that clearly describe the action (CalculateTax(), PrintInvoice()).

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🛠️ Real-World Use Cases

• 📋 Input validation functions
• 🔢 Mathematical operations
• 🧾 Invoice generation
• 🧪 Reusable utility functions (e.g., formatting, logging)
• 🧠 Business logic layers in APIs

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📌 Summary – Recap & Next Steps

🧵 Key Takeaways:

• Methods improve code organization, reuse, and testing.
• C# methods can return values (int, string, etc.) or be void.
• Parameterized methods allow dynamic input during execution.

⚙️ Real-world relevance: Critical for modular programming across desktop, web, and mobile applications in C#.

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❓ FAQ Section

❓ What is the difference between a function and a method in C#?
✅ In C#, the term method is used (not function), and it’s a member of a class.

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❓ Can I declare a method inside another method in C#?
✅ No. Methods must be declared at the class level—not inside other methods.

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❓ How many parameters can a method accept?
✅ As many as needed, but readability is important. Consider using objects for too many parameters.

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❓ Can I overload methods in C#?
✅ Yes! You can define multiple methods with the same name but different parameters (see: Method Overloading).

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❓ Are all methods public in C#?
✅ No. By default, methods are private in classes unless explicitly marked public, protected, etc.

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