⚙️ Go Logical Operators – Combine Conditions with AND, OR, NOT in Go (2025 Guide)

🧲 Introduction – What Are Logical Operators in Go?

Logical operators in Go are used to combine multiple boolean expressions. They’re crucial for controlling program flow in conditional statements like if, for, or validation logic. These operators return true or false depending on the truthiness of expressions.

🎯 In this section, you’ll learn:

• All logical operators available in Go
• Syntax and short-circuit behavior
• Real-world examples with if conditions
• Best practices and edge-case handling

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🔐 List of Logical Operators in Go

Operator	Symbol	Name	Description
&&	AND	Logical AND	Returns true if both conditions are true
`		`	OR
!	NOT	Logical NOT	Reverses the value of a boolean expression

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✏️ Syntax – Using Logical Operators

✅ AND (&&)

a, b := true, true
fmt.Println(a && b) // true

Only returns true if both sides are true.

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✅ OR (||)

x, y := false, true
fmt.Println(x || y) // true

Returns true if any side is true.

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✅ NOT (!)

flag := true
fmt.Println(!flag) // false

Inverts a boolean value.

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🧪 Real-World Example – Age & Citizenship Check

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    age := 20
    citizen := true

    if age >= 18 && citizen {
        fmt.Println("Eligible to vote.")
    } else {
        fmt.Println("Not eligible.")
    }
}

📤 Output:

Eligible to vote.

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⛔ Short-Circuit Evaluation in Go

Go uses short-circuit evaluation:

• For && – if the first condition is false, the second is not evaluated.
• For || – if the first condition is true, the second is not evaluated.

Example:

x := 5
if x < 10 || expensiveCheck() {
    fmt.Println("Quick decision.")
}

func expensiveCheck() bool {
    fmt.Println("Running expensive check")
    return true
}

If x < 10 is true, expensiveCheck() will not run.

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🔄 Combining Multiple Conditions

username := "admin"
password := "1234"
if username == "admin" && password == "1234" {
    fmt.Println("Access granted.")
}

Use parentheses for clarity in complex expressions:

if (x > 0 && y > 0) || isAdmin {
    // do something
}

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📌 Summary – Recap & Next Steps

Logical operators help you control complex conditions in Go programs. Whether you’re validating input, making decisions, or managing logic flow, &&, ||, and ! are your go-to tools.

🔍 Key Takeaways:

• && = true only if both conditions are true
• || = true if at least one condition is true
• ! = reverses a boolean value
• Go uses short-circuit evaluation to optimize checks
• Use parentheses for complex logic clarity

⚙️ Next: Learn about Go Bitwise Operators for low-level manipulation of integers and flags.

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❓ FAQs – Logical Operators in Go

❓ What does && mean in Go?
✅ It’s the logical AND operator. Returns true only if both operands are true.

❓ What is short-circuit evaluation?
✅ Go skips evaluating the second condition if the first is enough to determine the result. Saves performance.

❓ Can I use logical operators with non-boolean types?
✅ No. Go only allows logical operators with boolean expressions.

❓ What does ! mean in Go?
✅ It’s the logical NOT operator. It inverts a boolean value: !true = false.

❓ Can I chain logical operators?
✅ Yes. Combine multiple conditions like a && b || c using parentheses for clarity.

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