🐉 Python Tutorial for Beginners and Advanced Programmers

✨ Introduction to Python Programming

Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language. It’s widely used in web development, automation, data science, and artificial intelligence. Due to its clean syntax and readability, Python is perfect for both beginners and professionals.

🔍 Why Learn Python?

Python is versatile and easy to learn. It works across platforms and supports integration with other languages. It has a large community, countless libraries, and frameworks like Django, Flask, NumPy, and Pandas.

📦 Installing Python

Download the latest version of Python from python.org. Follow the installation wizard. Don’t forget to check “Add Python to PATH” during installation.

🔠 Basic Python Syntax

• Python uses indentation to define blocks.
• Statements end with a newline, not semicolons.
• Use # for single-line comments and triple quotes for multi-line comments.

# This is a comment
print("Hello, Python!")

💲 Python Variables and Data Types

Python supports dynamic typing. Variables do not need explicit declaration. Common data types include:

• Integers: int
• Floating-point: float
• Strings: str
• Boolean: bool
• Lists, Tuples, Sets, Dictionaries

name = "John"
age = 30
is_active = True

➕ Python Operators

Python supports:

• Arithmetic: +, -, *, /, %
• Comparison: ==, !=, >, <
• Logical: and, or, not
• Assignment: =, +=, -=

⏱ Control Flow in Python

Use if, elif, and else for decisions:

if age > 18:
    print("Adult")
else:
    print("Minor")

Use for and while loops for iteration:

for i in range(5):
    print(i)

👋 Python Functions

Functions allow reusability. Define functions using def:

def greet(name):
    return "Hello " + name

print(greet("Alice"))

📂 Python Lists and Tuples

Lists are mutable; tuples are immutable.

my_list = [1, 2, 3]
my_tuple = (4, 5, 6)

Use slicing, indexing, and built-in methods like append(), pop(), sort().

💰 Dictionaries in Python

Dictionaries store key-value pairs.

user = {"name": "Alice", "age": 25}
print(user["name"])

Methods include keys(), values(), items().

🔧 Object-Oriented Programming in Python

Python supports classes and objects:

class Dog:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

    def bark(self):
        return self.name + " says Woof!"

d = Dog("Buddy")
print(d.bark())

📄 File Handling in Python

Use built-in functions to read/write files:

with open("file.txt", "w") as f:
    f.write("Hello, file!")

Modes: 'r', 'w', 'a', 'b'

⚠️ Exception Handling in Python

Handle errors using try, except, and finally:

try:
    result = 10 / 0
except ZeroDivisionError:
    print("Cannot divide by zero.")
finally:
    print("Done.")

🔢 Working with Modules

Use built-in/custom modules. Import with import:

import math
print(math.sqrt(16))

Use pip to install external packages.

📊 Python for Data Science

Popular libraries:

• NumPy: Numeric computations
• Pandas: Data manipulation
• Matplotlib: Data visualization
• Scikit-learn: Machine learning

📍 Python Web Development

Use frameworks like:

• Django: Full-stack
• Flask: Lightweight

Both support REST APIs and templating.

🪧 Automation with Python

Automate tasks using:

• os for system commands
• shutil for file operations
• selenium for browser automation
• schedule for task scheduling

🎓 Popular Python Projects for Practice

• Calculator
• To-Do List App
• Weather App using API
• Web scraper using BeautifulSoup
• Chatbot using NLP

🔹 Conclusion

Python is powerful and easy to learn. With practice, you can build web apps, automate tasks, analyze data, or dive into AI.

• Python is versatile and beginner-friendly.
• It supports multiple paradigms including OOP and functional programming.
• Libraries and frameworks make it ideal for web, data science, and automation.
• Regular practice and project-building are key to mastering Python.

Start coding today and unlock endless possibilities in the Python ecosystem.